155 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
155 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
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# 数据库管理
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## Postgresql
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### 安装
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Ubuntu 默认支持，直接使用以下命令安装
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```shell
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apt install postgresql
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```
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- 详细教程可参考 [Postgresql安装教程](https://www.postgresql.org/download/linux/ubuntu/)
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### 配置
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#### 开放访问
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- 查找配置文件位置
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```shell
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su postgres
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psql
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postgres=# SHOW config_file;
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```
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- 编辑 `postgresql.conf`
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```shell
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vi postgresql.conf
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```
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```properties
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# 修改 listen_addresses 为 *
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listen_addresses = '*'
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```
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- 编辑 `pg_hba.conf`
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```properties
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# 在文件末尾增加一行
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host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5
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```
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- 重启服务
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```shell
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sudo systemctl restart postgresql
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# 或者在某些系统上可能是
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sudo service postgresql restart
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```
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#### 创建用户和数据库
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- 进入 `postgres`
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```shell
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su postgres
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```
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- 配置
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```sql
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# 采用命令行工具登陆 PostgreSQL
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psql
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# 创建数据库
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postgres=# CREATE DATABASE dolphinscheduler;
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# 修改 {user} 和 {password} 为你希望的用户名和密码
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postgres=# CREATE USER {user} PASSWORD {password};
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postgres=# ALTER DATABASE dolphinscheduler OWNER TO {user};
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# 退出 PostgreSQL
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postgres=# \q
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```
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- 配置开放访问（可选：开放访问步骤已经配置）
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```shell
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# 上面已经配置了，不需要配置
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# 在终端执行如下命令，向配置文件新增登陆权限，并重载 PostgreSQL 配置，替换 {ip} 为对应的 DS 集群服务器 IP 地址段
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echo "host dolphinscheduler {user} {ip} md5" >> $PGDATA/pg_hba.conf
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# 重启服务
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sudo systemctl restart postgresql
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# 或者在某些系统上可能是
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sudo service postgresql restart
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```
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#### 测试连接
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- 配置完毕后，从外部客户端尝试连接，以验证配置是否生效。
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## Mysql
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### 安装
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Ubuntu 默认支持，直接使用以下命令安装
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```shell
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apt install mysql
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```
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- 详细教程可参考 [Mysql安装](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/linux-installation-apt-repo.html)
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### 配置
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#### 开放访问
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- 找到并编辑MySQL配置文件
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- MySQL默认配置文件通常位于 `/etc/mysql/my.cnf` 或 `/etc/my.cnf`，
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实际需要修改的配置文件可能为 `/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf`，
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具体路径取决于操作系统和MySQL版本。
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- 使用文本编辑器打开配置文件，找到bind-address参数。
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```properties
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bind-address = 0.0.0.0
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```
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- 重启 mysql
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```shell
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systemctl restart mysql
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```
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#### 创建用户
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- 检查创建用户时密码校验条件。在创建用户前，确认下密码验证规则，一般必须大于等于8位
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```sql
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#显示创建用户的验证条件
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mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
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```
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- 创建用户
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```sql
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#创建用户
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mysql> CREATE USER '用户名'@'%或者IP' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';
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mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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# 有的文章，在该句末尾加上了with grant option，一般不用写
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# 下面一段话引用自：with grant option作用_玉溪人在昌平的博客-CSDN博客
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# with grant option的意思是：权限赋予/取消是关联的，
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# 如将with grant option用于对象授权时，被授予的用户也可把此对象权限授予其他用户或角色，
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# 不同的是但管理员收回用with grant option授权的用户对象权限时，权限会因传播而失效，
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# 如grant select on table with grant option to A,A用户把此权限授予B，
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# 但管理员收回A的权限时，B的权限也会失效，但管理员不可以直接收回B的SELECT ON TABLE 权限。
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```
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- 授予权限
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```sql
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# 授权某个用户所有数据库所有权限
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mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO "用户名"@"IP/localhost/%";
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mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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```
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#### 创建数据库
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- mysql 5.6 / 5.7：
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```sql
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mysql -uroot -p
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mysql> CREATE DATABASE dolphinscheduler DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;
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## 可选步骤
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## 修改 {user} 和 {password} 为你希望的用户名和密码
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# mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON dolphinscheduler.* TO '{user}'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '{password}';
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# mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON dolphinscheduler.* TO '{user}'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '{password}';
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mysql> flush privileges;
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```
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- 对于mysql 8：
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```sql
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mysql -uroot -p
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mysql> CREATE DATABASE dolphinscheduler DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;
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## 可选步骤
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## 修改 {user} 和 {password} 为你希望的用户名和密码
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# mysql> CREATE USER '{user}'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '{password}';
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# mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO '{user}'@'%';
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mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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```
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## 参考文档
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- [DolphinScheduler数据源配置](https://github.com/apache/dolphinscheduler/blob/3.2.2-release/docs/docs/zh/guide/howto/datasource-setting.md)
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- [Mysql创建用户](https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41566366/article/details/121763099)
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- [Mysql授权问题](https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_54061333/article/details/117458996)
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